1 thought on “What are the problems facing Chinese paper industry?”
Nathaniel
The papermaking industry is facing a resource crisis: In recent years, the Chinese paper industry has formed three major paper industry clusters-the Pearl River Delta cluster, the Yangtze River Delta cluster and the Bohai Rim cluster. The papermaking industry has developed rapidly and its production capacity has expanded sharply. It has become a pillar industry in Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong and other provinces.
but various signs show that the resource crisis is forcing near the paper industry cluster. Some industry experts are worried that the continuous increase in production capacity will inevitably form a strong competition for limited water and raw materials in the cluster, which should attract enough attention from the enterprise.
The resource restrictions on industrial cluster development
In national perspective, the provinces with more than one million tons of paper and cardboard in 2003 include Shandong, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Henan, Jiangsu, Hebei, Hebei The total output of 9 provinces in Fujian, Hunan and Sichuan has reached 34.02 million tons, accounting for 83%of the total output of the country's paper and cardboard. In 2003, two provinces (autonomous regions) cities in the eastern region, paper and cardboard output accounted for 72.5%of the country's total output, an increase of 0.5%over the previous year; the proportion of 9 provinces (autonomous regions) in the central region was 2.8%, compared with the above The annual decrease of 0.2%; the proportion of 9 provinces (autonomous) cities in the western region was 5.7%, a decrease of 0.3%from the previous year.
It's changes in the completion of paper and cardboard output in various provinces across the country and the layout of the papermaking area, the eastern region has become the main base of China's paper industry production, and the concentration of production has become higher and higher.
The industrial cluster plays an important role in the scale and modernization of the papermaking industry, and a problem that cannot be ignored is also exposed, that is, the disadvantage of the shortage of resources. For example, in Shandong Province, the large province of my country's papermaking industry, the water use of the paper industry accounts for about 47%of the province, and the water consumption in 2003 was 430 million cubic meters. The water resources in Shandong Province have a serious shortage of water resources, with a per capita water resources of 344 cubic meters, accounting for only one -sixth of the country's per capita possession. The main constraints of Shandong paper manufacturing must continue to develop. At present, the increase in water costs will undoubtedly affect the economic benefits of the paper industry in Shandong.
In the past two years, due to the rapid growth of Shandong paper industry capacity, and the limited resources of wheat grass raw materials, the price of wheat grass in Shandong Province has almost doubled in 2003. What makes companies even more bitter is that these wheat grass is not only poor in quality, high moisture, but also many impurities. Many Shandong companies have to buy a large number of wheat grass in Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, Hebei and other provinces, and even buy reeds in the Northeast, increasing costs and affecting economic benefits. In addition, for the large energy consumption of paper, due to factors such as rising energy tension and price increases such as raw materials, the benefits of the paper industry have been further restricted.
In the establishment of an elimination mechanism to relieve resource pressure
If experts believe that to make the healthy development of the industrial cluster, two major elimination mechanisms must be made. The first is the market natural elimination mechanism, and the other is the elimination mechanism formed by government policy intervention. In 2003, China's papermaking industry encountered a blow to fiber raw materials, coal, oil supply tensions and large price increases. The production cost of enterprises has risen sharply, but the sales prices of product sales have increased difficulty, and profit margin has decreased. The invisible hand of the market naturally launched the survival of the fittest mechanism.
In addition to market behavior, relevant government departments have introduced environmental protection policies and other policies. In recent years, in order to solve the problem of pollution of the Huaihe River, Henan Province, the upper reaches of the Huaihe River, has closed more than 20 paper -making companies that have no environmental protection. In order to reduce the structural pollution of raw materials, Shandong Province has closed more than 40 wheat grass paste production lines, and at the same time Encourage large enterprises to engage in ecological paper.
The visual goal of the development of China's paper industry can be summarized in the words of the State Administration of Environmental Protection: "The paper industry is not a pollution industry, but an industry that is conducive to the ecological environment." Utilizing the government to regulate this In the visible hand, my country has put forward a higher ecological environment for the papermaking industry.
The improvement of the ecological circulation industry chain
On how to solve the problem of shortage of resources brought by the papermaking industry cluster? Experts believe that, on the one hand, when approval of large -scale papermaking projects, relevant departments must make full considerations of the local actual materials and water; on the other hand, enterprises should do a good job of ecological circulation of raw materials.
In recent years, the developed countries have taken the road of raw material ecological circulation. The so -called cycle use refers to the large cycle of the forest paper and the small cycle of waste paper recycling. These two cycles constitute a complete chain used in the loop of the paper industry, which guarantees the sustainable development of the paper industry.
During the eighth Five -Year Plan period, some papermaking companies in our country considers near the virgin forest in the site selection. Later, the state was strictly forbidden to fell down the policies of the virgin forest. These companies have eaten the bitter fruit formed by decision-making adjustments --- one after another.
In an expert, recycling tons of waste paper can produce 0.8 tons of good paper, can cut 7 big trees, save 3 cubic meters of garbage landfill space, and save more than half of the papermaking energy sources of more than half , Reduce water pollution by 35%. If 4 million tons of waste paper can be recycled each year, you can produce 200,000 tons of good paper, cut 238 million big trees, and save 42 million cubic meters of garbage landfill space. At present, China's waste paper recycling rate is only 30%, Japan's waste paper recovery rate is more than 78%, Germany is 83%, and old newspapers and magazines in Finland cities are almost 00%.
The experts estimate that by 2005, the annual import volume of Chinese waste paper can reach a million tons, accounting for more than one -third of the world's export volume. Among the papermaking projects that China is building and approved to be built, there are more than ten projects (almost all of the annual output of 200,000 tons) are based on waste paper as the main raw materials, and the demand for imported waste paper in China will continue to rise sharply. It is not difficult to see from the "2003 China Paper Annual Report" that the amount of Chinese paper industry is increasing whether it is domestic waste paper or imported waste paper, but this only stays in a small cycle.
The experts pointed out that the current use of the raw materials of Chinese paper industry only stays in the concept of large cycle. Because China's first paper forest has not reached the time of cutting, and the forestry area is limited, it cannot meet the needs of the paper industry. Therefore, China's paper industry must take the road of recycling of raw materials. On the basis of improving the small cycle, it is the guarantee of the sustainable development of the paper industry.
The papermaking industry is facing a resource crisis:
In recent years, the Chinese paper industry has formed three major paper industry clusters-the Pearl River Delta cluster, the Yangtze River Delta cluster and the Bohai Rim cluster. The papermaking industry has developed rapidly and its production capacity has expanded sharply. It has become a pillar industry in Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong and other provinces.
but various signs show that the resource crisis is forcing near the paper industry cluster. Some industry experts are worried that the continuous increase in production capacity will inevitably form a strong competition for limited water and raw materials in the cluster, which should attract enough attention from the enterprise.
The resource restrictions on industrial cluster development
In national perspective, the provinces with more than one million tons of paper and cardboard in 2003 include Shandong, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Henan, Jiangsu, Hebei, Hebei The total output of 9 provinces in Fujian, Hunan and Sichuan has reached 34.02 million tons, accounting for 83%of the total output of the country's paper and cardboard. In 2003, two provinces (autonomous regions) cities in the eastern region, paper and cardboard output accounted for 72.5%of the country's total output, an increase of 0.5%over the previous year; the proportion of 9 provinces (autonomous regions) in the central region was 2.8%, compared with the above The annual decrease of 0.2%; the proportion of 9 provinces (autonomous) cities in the western region was 5.7%, a decrease of 0.3%from the previous year.
It's changes in the completion of paper and cardboard output in various provinces across the country and the layout of the papermaking area, the eastern region has become the main base of China's paper industry production, and the concentration of production has become higher and higher.
The industrial cluster plays an important role in the scale and modernization of the papermaking industry, and a problem that cannot be ignored is also exposed, that is, the disadvantage of the shortage of resources. For example, in Shandong Province, the large province of my country's papermaking industry, the water use of the paper industry accounts for about 47%of the province, and the water consumption in 2003 was 430 million cubic meters. The water resources in Shandong Province have a serious shortage of water resources, with a per capita water resources of 344 cubic meters, accounting for only one -sixth of the country's per capita possession. The main constraints of Shandong paper manufacturing must continue to develop. At present, the increase in water costs will undoubtedly affect the economic benefits of the paper industry in Shandong.
In the past two years, due to the rapid growth of Shandong paper industry capacity, and the limited resources of wheat grass raw materials, the price of wheat grass in Shandong Province has almost doubled in 2003. What makes companies even more bitter is that these wheat grass is not only poor in quality, high moisture, but also many impurities. Many Shandong companies have to buy a large number of wheat grass in Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, Hebei and other provinces, and even buy reeds in the Northeast, increasing costs and affecting economic benefits. In addition, for the large energy consumption of paper, due to factors such as rising energy tension and price increases such as raw materials, the benefits of the paper industry have been further restricted.
In the establishment of an elimination mechanism to relieve resource pressure
If experts believe that to make the healthy development of the industrial cluster, two major elimination mechanisms must be made. The first is the market natural elimination mechanism, and the other is the elimination mechanism formed by government policy intervention. In 2003, China's papermaking industry encountered a blow to fiber raw materials, coal, oil supply tensions and large price increases. The production cost of enterprises has risen sharply, but the sales prices of product sales have increased difficulty, and profit margin has decreased. The invisible hand of the market naturally launched the survival of the fittest mechanism.
In addition to market behavior, relevant government departments have introduced environmental protection policies and other policies. In recent years, in order to solve the problem of pollution of the Huaihe River, Henan Province, the upper reaches of the Huaihe River, has closed more than 20 paper -making companies that have no environmental protection. In order to reduce the structural pollution of raw materials, Shandong Province has closed more than 40 wheat grass paste production lines, and at the same time Encourage large enterprises to engage in ecological paper.
The visual goal of the development of China's paper industry can be summarized in the words of the State Administration of Environmental Protection: "The paper industry is not a pollution industry, but an industry that is conducive to the ecological environment." Utilizing the government to regulate this In the visible hand, my country has put forward a higher ecological environment for the papermaking industry.
The improvement of the ecological circulation industry chain
On how to solve the problem of shortage of resources brought by the papermaking industry cluster? Experts believe that, on the one hand, when approval of large -scale papermaking projects, relevant departments must make full considerations of the local actual materials and water; on the other hand, enterprises should do a good job of ecological circulation of raw materials.
In recent years, the developed countries have taken the road of raw material ecological circulation. The so -called cycle use refers to the large cycle of the forest paper and the small cycle of waste paper recycling. These two cycles constitute a complete chain used in the loop of the paper industry, which guarantees the sustainable development of the paper industry.
During the eighth Five -Year Plan period, some papermaking companies in our country considers near the virgin forest in the site selection. Later, the state was strictly forbidden to fell down the policies of the virgin forest. These companies have eaten the bitter fruit formed by decision-making adjustments --- one after another.
In an expert, recycling tons of waste paper can produce 0.8 tons of good paper, can cut 7 big trees, save 3 cubic meters of garbage landfill space, and save more than half of the papermaking energy sources of more than half , Reduce water pollution by 35%. If 4 million tons of waste paper can be recycled each year, you can produce 200,000 tons of good paper, cut 238 million big trees, and save 42 million cubic meters of garbage landfill space. At present, China's waste paper recycling rate is only 30%, Japan's waste paper recovery rate is more than 78%, Germany is 83%, and old newspapers and magazines in Finland cities are almost 00%.
The experts estimate that by 2005, the annual import volume of Chinese waste paper can reach a million tons, accounting for more than one -third of the world's export volume. Among the papermaking projects that China is building and approved to be built, there are more than ten projects (almost all of the annual output of 200,000 tons) are based on waste paper as the main raw materials, and the demand for imported waste paper in China will continue to rise sharply. It is not difficult to see from the "2003 China Paper Annual Report" that the amount of Chinese paper industry is increasing whether it is domestic waste paper or imported waste paper, but this only stays in a small cycle.
The experts pointed out that the current use of the raw materials of Chinese paper industry only stays in the concept of large cycle. Because China's first paper forest has not reached the time of cutting, and the forestry area is limited, it cannot meet the needs of the paper industry. Therefore, China's paper industry must take the road of recycling of raw materials. On the basis of improving the small cycle, it is the guarantee of the sustainable development of the paper industry.